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典型语法知识的教学方法

(一）Be的现在式（am, is, are)的用法教学举例

利用“口诀”可帮助学生敲掉这个“拦路虎”。Be的用法口诀：I用am，you用are，is跟着他、她、它（He他，She她，It它，this这个，that那个）；单数形式用is，复数（我们，你们，他们，这些，那些）形式全用are；变疑问，往前提，句末问号别忘记；变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。这种含有be动词的肯定句变一般疑问句的方法也可概括一句话的“口诀”即：一提二改三问号”。“一提”指的是第一步把句中的“be”提到主语前面；“二改”指的是第二步把位于句首的“be”的第一个字母改成大写字母，主语的原大写字母改成小写字母(如主语是专有名词则不改小写字母）；“三问号”就是指第三步在句末加上问号。这种变一般疑问句的方法同样适用于谓语含有情态动词的句子。

(二）形容词的比较级用法教学举例

活动一：城乡生活大比拼

语法点：形容词和副词比较级

词汇：

quieter，noisier, bigger, smaller, cleaner, dirtier, newer, older, wider，narrower, taller, shorter, nicer, busier, safer, funnier, friendlier/more friendly,

more dangerous/boring/exciting/interesting/relaxing/ beautiful, than

句型：

(1)It is better/cleaner/more interesting/more exciting/more convenient.

(2)People are friendlier/more friendly/…in...

活动步骤：

(3)学生4～6人一组收集资料，比较农村和城市生活的利弊。

(4)各小组讨论并完成如下表格，如果遇到词汇方面的困难，可以查阅词典或向教师求助。

(1)全班开展辩论赛，辩题为：Where do you prefer to live, in the country or in the city?小组讨论并 确定本组的观点，然后各选派2～3名辩手，组成甲乙两队。甲方观点为：It is better to live in the city.乙方 观点为：It is better to live in the country.

(2)辩论示例：

甲方：We think it is better to live in the city. Life in the city is cleaner, funnier, more interesting and exciting than that in the country, because there are much taller buildings, wider streets, more beautiful parks, bookshops, libraries, schools, cinemas, supermarkets, post offices, banks and restaurants in the city. So it’s a little dirtier and much more boring in the country than in the city. In the country, roads are narrower, most houses are older.

乙方：We don’t agree with you. We think it is better to live in the country because there are more animals and plants in the country. The people in the country are friendlier/more friendly. It’s quieter and the air is cleaner and fresher in the country. But in the city it’s noisier and more dangerous because there is more traffic. And people in the city are usually busier.

活动二 ：班级之最

语法点：形容词和副词最高级

词汇：

best/oldest/youngest/tallest/shortest/heaviest/thinnest/clevcrest/

bravest/prettiest/highest/farthest/fastest,

more active/humorous/helpful/handsome/popular

句型：

(1)Whose— is the best of all?

(2)Who is the oldest/youngest/tallest - /most helpful in the class?

(3)Who plays basketball best/ — /runs fastest in our class?

(4)The most popular/…students in our class are-

活动步骤

(1)学生6～8人一组就“班级之最”展开讨论，并填写下表：

例如：

S1 ： Whose English is the best of all?

S2： I think Ann’s English is the best.

S3： I agree with you.

S4： Who jumps highest in our class?

S5 ： I think Bob does —.

(2)各组派代表就各个评选项目发表本组的意见，然后全班投票表决，选出各项明星，并且分类把名单填 人表格内。

(3)全班编辑“班级明星”手册。

(三）一般现在时态的教学举例

活动一 ：了解世界各国

语法点:一般现在时

词汇：有关国籍、语言和地点的词汇

句型：

Where are they/is he/does she (come) from?

—What language do they/does he/does she speak?

—They speak/He speaks /She speaks- —Where do they/does he/does she live?

—They live/He lives/She lives in - 活动步骤：

(1)教师课前发给各小组如下表格。学生自由组成4～6人小组，利用课余时间通过网络查询等手段收

集有关国家的国名、国旗、首都、语言、著名人士和主要城市的标志性建筑等信息，并完成表格。如:

(2)各小组根据所收集的资料进行问答活动。如：某小组收集的信息是Beckham和英国国旗，则可以进 行如下对话：

—Where is he from? /Where does he come from?

—He is/comes from England/the UK.

—What language does he speak?

—He speaks English.

—Where does he live?

—He lives in London.

(3)小组成员合作为每个国家制作一张卡片，卡片上画有该国国旗、标志性建筑，并用英文注明该国国 名、首都、语言和主要城市等信息。

(4)各小组派代表向全班做汇报。如：

Englishmen come from England. They speak British English. The capital is London.

活动二 ：朋友的作息时间

语法点：一般现在时

词汇：usually, sometimes, every day, get up. have breakfast/lunch/supper, leave home/school, get home, go/get to school, begin classes, play sports, do homework, watch TV, go to bed, be over 句型：

—What time do you usually get up every day?

—I usually get up at —

—What time does he/she usually go to bed?

—He/She usually goes to bed at - My friend’s name is —

活动步骤： (1)教师设计如下表格并分发给各小组：

activity         name
get up
have breakfast
leave home
get to school
begin classes
have lunch
school is over
play sports
leave school
…

(2)学生组成3～5人小组，围坐成一圈，相互提问一天的作息时间，并将答案填在上表中。如: —Hello, Tom! What time do you usually get up every day?

—I usually get up at 6:30.

—What time do you have breakfast?

—I usually have breakfast at 7:00. ...

—What time do you go to bed?

—I usually go to bed at about 9:30.

(3)各小组成员根据表中记录的内容，轮流向本组成员汇报提问对象一天的作息时间，课后根据采访内 容写一篇短文。如：

Tom’s Day

Tom usually gets up at 6:30 every day. Then he has breakfast at 7 ： 00. After breakfast, he goes to school by bike at 7:30….He goes to bed at about 10 o'clock.

(四）一般过去时态教学举例

活动一：成长画册

语法点：一般过去时

词汇：yesterday，…ago，…later，before，was/were born，studied，finished. lived，moved to，learned/ learnt，had，went, enjoy，birthday，place，childhood，kindergarten，primary，middle，school，town，summer/ winter camp 句型：

—When and where were you born?

—I was born on ••• in

一Which primary/middle school did you study in?

—I studied in —

—How long did you live in."?

—I lived in ••• for - years. Then two years later, my family moved to —

—Did you learn English before? /Did you have some friends there?

—Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.

—Did you have a happy childhood?

—Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.

活动步骤：

(1)每位学生带来自己童年的照片，并完成以下个人履历表：

(2)学生两人一组根据表格内容展开对话。如：

—When and where were you born?

—I was born on March 10th, 1991,in a small town. —Which primary school did you study in?

—I studied in No. 1 Primary School.

—When did you finish your primary school?

——I finished it in 2004.

How long did you live in your town?

—I lived there for 10 years. Then my family moved here.

—Did you learn English before?

—Yes, but only a little.

—Did you have any friends there?

—Yes, I did.

—Was your childhood happy?

—Yes, it was.

(1)每位学生用英语介绍自己的童年生活。例如：

I was born on March 10th,1991,in a town called Duqiao. I studied in Duqiao Primary School -

(2)学生三人一组，采访对方童年生活中一次难忘的经历，并用一般过去时相互问答。例如：

—What did you do last summer?

—I took part in a summer camp.

—Where did you go?

—We went to Qingdao.

一What did you do there?

—We went to the beautiful beach.

—How did you go there?

—We went there by train —.

(3)每位学生根据采访记录写一篇日记，并在全班宣读。例如：

Monday July 15th

Good weather! It was sunny and hot all day. We went to the
great fun playing in the water. In the afternoon, we went shopping,
really enjoy it.

(五）一般将来时态教学举例

活动：黄金周旅游计划

语法点:一般将来时

词汇：will, be going to, camera, take photos, go to Hainan Island/ Mount Emei/ the mountain/ park/ zoo/ beach, go fishing/ boating...

句型：

(1)—What are you going to do on May Day/National Day?

—I’m going to…

(2)Where will you go?

(3)—Who will you go with? —I’ll go with".

(4)—How will you get there? —I’ll go there by…

(5)—What will you take with you?

—We’ll take money, clothes, some fruit, water and a digital camera.

活动步骤：

(1)学生四人一组，通过网络或图书馆查询各地的旅游信息，以便在课堂上进行讨论，话题为：如何度过 一个有意义的假期？

(2)各小组根据表格中的项目，就“五一”或“十一”黄金周的活动计划展开问答，并填写表格。教师随时 在词汇方面给予帮助。如：

—What are you going to do on May Day/National Day?

—I’m going to Mount Emei.

—Who will you go with?

—I’ll go with my parents.

—How will you get there?

—We’ll go there by train because I think it’s safe and cheap and we can enjoy the scenery on the

way.

—What will you take with you?

—We’ll take some money, clothes, a digital camera."

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